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Is It Stevens-Johnson Syndrome or MIS-C with Mucocutaneous Involvement?
Abdollah Karimi1, Elham Pourbakhtiaran1, Mazdak Fallahi2
1Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) can be present in the form of multisystem inflammatory disease in children.
Case Presentation:
A 25-month-old boy presented with fever, malaise, diffuse maculopapular rashes, and mucosal involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic. He was first diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Further evaluation revealed lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and fibrinogen. This was followed by a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19. In addition to receiving initial care for SJS, he was treated for MIS-C, which led to his recovery after four days.
Conclusion:
COVID-19 infection should be considered in children with fever and dermatological features during the pandemic because it may cause different features of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), suggestive of delayed hyperimmune response.
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