Sacrum morphometry and spinopelvic parameters among the Indonesian population using computed tomography scans

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Anatomy
• Radiology

Background:

• Sacrum morphometry is vital for designing sacral prostheses and instrumentation.
• Understanding spinopelvic parameters aids in restoring physiological spinal alignment post-surgery.
• Previous population-specific data on sacrum morphometry and spinopelvic parameters are limited, especially for the Indonesian population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe sacrum vertebrae characteristics and spinopelvic parameters in the Indonesian population.
• To compare these parameters with those from other global populations.
• To determine sexual dimorphism in sacrum vertebrae and analyze correlations between spinopelvic parameters.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study analyzing thin-cut computed tomography (CT) images.
• 150 males and 150 females aged 25-50 years without spinal pathology were included.
• Morphometric dimensions of sacrum vertebrae and spinopelvic parameters (pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis) were measured.

Main Results:

• Sacrum vertebrae were generally larger in males (P < .05).
• Sacral index, curvature index, and corporo-basal index showed significant gender differences (P < .001).
• Lumbar lordosis was significantly greater in females (P < .001); significant positive correlations were found between most spinopelvic parameters (P < .001).

Conclusions:

• This study establishes the first large-scale database of sacrum morphometrics and spinopelvic parameters for the Indonesian population.
• Significant gender-based differences in sacrum dimensions were observed, with the sacral index being a key indicator for sex determination.
• Population-specific morphometric variations are critical for surgical planning and prosthesis design.