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Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples
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[Wave riding - 12 months of COVID-19 in a German tertiary care center]

David Fistera1,2, Dirk Pabst1, Maximilian Falk1

  • 1Zentrum für Notfallmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Essen.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|December 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed 1396 COVID-19 inpatients, finding a 19.8% overall mortality rate. Key predictors of death included older age, obesity, and critical care interventions like mechanical ventilation.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The University Hospital of Essen served as a primary regional caregiver for over 1400 COVID-19 inpatients during the pandemic.
  • This study focuses on the initial 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, a critical period for understanding patient outcomes and care strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present outcome data for COVID-19 inpatients at the University Hospital of Essen.
  • To describe the clinical care concepts developed and implemented during the pandemic.
  • To analyze factors influencing mortality and complications in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1396 COVID-19 inpatients admitted between March 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021.
  • Evaluation of comorbidities, survival rates, and complications.
  • Comparative analysis between patients receiving standard care versus those requiring intermediate/intensive care.

Main Results:

  • Overall inpatient mortality was 19.8% (277/1396).
  • Mortality was significantly higher in the intermediate/intensive care group (35.5%) compared to the standard care group (10.6%).
  • Independent predictors of mortality included age over 60, obesity, mechanical ventilation, nitric oxide therapy, ECMO, acute renal failure, and stroke.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 inpatient mortality rates align with international data.
  • Comorbidities significantly impact outcomes, and severe illness leads to frequent complications.
  • Effective patient and staff protection, rapid testing, standardized care pathways, and flexible resource allocation are crucial for maintaining high-quality care during pandemic peaks.
Abstract

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