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A meta-analytic examination of the gender difference in creative performance
Snehal Hora1, Katie L Badura2, G James Lemoine1
1Department of Organization and Human Resources.
The Journal of Applied Psychology
|December 30, 2021
Summary
This meta-analysis reveals a male advantage in creative performance. However, the gender gap in creativity narrows in communal cultures and widens in agentic ones, indicating context matters.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Studies on gender and creative performance yield inconsistent results.
- Existing research lacks a comprehensive understanding of moderating factors influencing gender differences in creativity.
Approach:
- A meta-analysis of 259 independent studies (N = 79,915) was conducted.
- Integrated gender role theories and an interactionist perspective of creativity.
- Examined contextual and methodological moderators to explain inconsistencies.
Key Points:
- A male advantage in creative performance (δ = .13) was found.
- The gender gap in creativity decreases in communal cultures and increases in agentic cultures.
- The gender gap has declined over time and is larger for self-reported creativity.
Conclusions:
- Gender's relationship with creative performance is complex and contingent on social, cultural, and methodological factors.
- Future research should adopt contingency-based approaches to better understand gender and creativity.
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