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Quantitative Epigenetics: A New Avenue for Crop Improvement.
Vijay Gahlaut1, Gaurav Zinta1,2, Vandana Jaiswal1,2
1Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India.
Epigenomes
|December 30, 2021
Summary
Epigenetic diversity offers new variation for crop improvement beyond genetics. Advanced epigenome technologies like epiQTL and EWAS enable dissecting epigenetic roles in plant traits for breeding applications.
Area of Science:
- Plant Science
- Epigenetics
- Genomics
Background:
- Conventional plant breeding relies on genetic variability.
- Epigenetic diversity presents an additional source of variation for trait improvement.
- Epigenome technologies are revealing the impact of epigenetic variation on plant phenotypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of epigenetic variation in plant trait regulation.
- To highlight the potential of quantitative epigenetics in crop improvement.
- To discuss advanced epigenome technologies for plant research.
Main Methods:
- Development of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epi-RILs) in model plants.
- Mapping of epigenetic quantitative trait loci (epiQTL).
- Application of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and epi-genotyping by sequencing (epi-GBS).
Main Results:
- Accurate genetic analysis of epigenetic variation is enabled by epi-RILs.
- epiQTL mapping associates epialleles with phenotypic traits.
- EWAS and epi-GBS have revolutionized plant epigenetics research.
Conclusions:
- Quantitative epigenetics offers significant opportunities for dissecting epigenetic variation in trait regulation.
- Epigenetic insights can be utilized for enhancing crop improvement programs.
- Epigenome-editing tools, like CRISPR/Cas9, can facilitate epigenetic-based molecular breeding in crops.
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