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Social identity constitutes a significant aspect of an individual’s self-concept, shaped by membership in various social groups, including gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and political affiliation. Individuals associate specific traits with particular social groups, leading to internalization of these traits. For example, musicians are often perceived as creative, while women are frequently associated with nurturing tendencies. Once individuals identify with a...
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Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency
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Agency and Identity in the Collective Self.

Garriy Shteynberg1, Jacob B Hirsh2, Jon Garthoff1

  • 1University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Personality and Social Psychology Review : an Official Journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc
|December 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces collective agency ("We") as distinct from collective identity ("Us"). Understanding this difference is crucial for explaining social behavior and group dynamics in various human interactions.

Keywords:
collective agencycollective attentioncollective mental statessocial categorizationsocial identity

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Current research on human sociality often centers on the social identity approach, emphasizing social categorization.
  • The individual self is understood through the distinction between agency ('I') and identity ('Me').

Purpose of the Study:

  • To distinguish collective agency ('We') from collective identity ('Us') within the framework of the social self.
  • To explore the unique mental representations, neurocognitive underpinnings, and functional consequences of collective agency.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical differentiation of collective agency and collective identity.
  • Analysis of their respective conditions of emergence and mechanisms of social convergence.

Main Results:

  • Collective identity is rooted in shared group member characteristics.
  • Collective agency involves adopting shared subjectivity directed towards common objects (attention, desire, emotion, belief, action).
  • These components differ in mental representations, neurocognitive basis, emergence, convergence, and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Collective agency offers a valuable complement to the social categorization approach in understanding human sociality.
  • This distinction has significant implications for collective action, responsibility, dignity, violence, dominance, ritual, and morality.