Reactive Matrices for Analytical Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry
Roman S Borisov1, Mariya D Matveeva1, Vladimir G Zaikin1
1A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|December 31, 2021
Summary
Reactive matrices in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) simplify sample prep and enhance analysis. This review explores their use in bioanalysis and MALDI-MS imaging for improved molecular identification.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Mass Spectrometry
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Reactive matrices, combining matrix and derivatization roles, have gained prominence in analytical chemistry since 2003.
- Their application is particularly significant in bioanalysis, including metabolomics and lipidomics.
- Key advantages include reduced sample treatment time, simplified handling, and improved analytical sensitivity and molecular identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the application of "true" reactive matrices in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS).
- To discuss the role of reactive matrices in MALDI-MS imaging for analyzing the distribution of organic substances on biological tissues.
- To propose a broader definition of reactive matrices, including protonating and deprotonating types, for enhanced analytical capabilities.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on reactive matrices in MALDI-MS.
- Analysis of "true" reactive matrices that undergo exchange or addition reactions with analytes.
- Discussion of protonating/deprotonating matrices, including "proton sponge" matrices, in negative mode MALDI-MS.
Main Results:
- Reactive matrices offer significant advantages in simplifying sample preparation and enhancing sensitivity in MALDI-MS.
- MALDI-MS imaging utilizing reactive matrices enables detailed analysis of targeted and non-targeted organic substances on tissue surfaces.
- Protonating and deprotonating matrices, through proton transfer reactions, can be considered reactive, expanding the scope of this analytical approach.
Conclusions:
- Reactive matrices represent a powerful tool for advancing MALDI-MS, particularly in bioanalysis and imaging.
- The concept of reactive matrices can be expanded to include proton transfer mechanisms, broadening their applicability.
- Further research into "proton sponge" matrices holds promise for analyzing acidic compounds with improved sensitivity and specificity.
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