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Updated: Oct 8, 2025

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TrustEd: A Tool for Developing Intraoperative Entrustment Skills.

Elizabeth M Stoeckl1, Margaret E Garren1, Akira Nishii2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

Journal of Surgical Education
|January 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new tool, TrustEd, supplements OpTrust to enhance surgical resident autonomy and faculty entrustment behaviors. It provides tailored talking points and reflection items based on Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT) to guide improvement in the operating room.

Keywords:
educationentrustmentgraduated autonomyintraoperative teachingmotivationpreventionpromotionsurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Competency-Based Education

Background:

  • Assessing resident autonomy is crucial for competency-based surgical education.
  • OpTrust is a validated tool for evaluating intraoperative faculty and resident entrustment behaviors.
  • Existing tools lack specific guidance for improving entrustment behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a supplementary tool to OpTrust for improving entrustment behaviors.
  • To tailor guidance based on Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT) motivational styles.
  • To provide faculty and residents with actionable strategies for enhancing entrustment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of surgical entrustment to create dialogue and reflection items.
  • Survey distributed to experts familiar with OpTrust and RFT for item categorization.
  • Consensus-building meeting to finalize item categorization based on RFT principles.

Main Results:

  • Developed "TrustEd," a supplementary tool for intraoperative entrustment.
  • Categorized talking points and reflection items according to RFT (Promotion and Prevention orientations).
  • The tool provides concrete strategies for improving entrustment behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • TrustEd offers practical strategies to complement quantitative entrustment assessment tools like OpTrust.
  • Further research is needed to validate TrustEd's impact on durable behavior change and OpTrust scores.