Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Histologically Informed Multiscale Modeling of the Neuronal Elements Activated by TMS.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Stochastic Approximator of Motor Threshold (SAMT) for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Online Software and Its Performance in Clinical Studies.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (2024)·2026

Same author

Noninvasive brain stimulation combined with evidence-based psychotherapy for psychiatric disorders: A meta-analysis of optimal implementation parameters.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026

Same author

Addendum: Modified cable equation incorporating transverse polarization of neuronal membranes for accurate coupling of electric fields (<i>J. Neural Eng</i>.<b>15</b>026003).

Journal of neural engineering·2026

Same author

Mesoscale tissue properties and electric fields in brain stimulation: bridging the macroscopic and microscopic scales using layer-specific cortical conductivity.

Journal of neural engineering·2026

Same author

Mechanisms of transcranial magnetic brain stimulation.

Physiological reviews·2026

Same journal

Lifespan Trajectories of the Brain's Functional Complexity Characterized by Multiscale Sample Entropy.

NeuroImage·2026

Same journal

Pleasant fragrance modulates dyadic social sharing of positive emotion: Sharer-centered socioemotional enhancement effect and its neural couplings.

NeuroImage·2026

Same journal

Altered Functional Hierarchical and Sequential Organization in Individuals with Schizophrenia during Auditory Processing.

NeuroImage·2026

Same journal

Mechanical Deformation Explains Distinct Neuroimaging Patterns and Etiologies in Brain Trauma.

NeuroImage·2026

Same journal

Ventral striatum temporal interference brain stimulation enhances the reward-positivity event-related potential and reduces anxiety.

NeuroImage·2026

Same journal

NeuroHarm‑Kit: An Open‑Source Toolbox for Benchmarking Deep‑Learning Harmonization of Multi‑Site T1‑Weighted MRI.

NeuroImage·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Localizing Function-specific Targets for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Absence of Navigation Equipment

Localizing Function-specific Targets for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Absence of Navigation Equipment

Published on: May 23, 2025

Using diffusion tensor imaging to effectively target TMS to deep brain structures.

Bruce Luber¹, Simon W Davis², Zhi-De Deng³

¹Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

|January 2, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to target deep brain regions like Brodmann area 25 (BA25). By individualizing coil placement using brain imaging, researchers achieved reliable, intensity-dependent activation of BA25, offering new therapeutic possibilities.

Keywords:

Connectivity Diffusion imaging tractography Subgenual cingulate cortex TMS Targeting deep brain stimulation

More Related Videos

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: November 15, 2024

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 27, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Localizing Function-specific Targets for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Absence of Navigation Equipment

Localizing Function-specific Targets for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Absence of Navigation Equipment

Published on: May 23, 2025

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: November 15, 2024

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 27, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuromodulation
Brain Imaging

Background:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a key tool for studying brain function and treating neurological/psychiatric disorders.
Current TMS approaches primarily affect superficial cortical areas, limiting deep brain target engagement.
Bridging the gap to deep brain structures is crucial for expanding TMS therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel, individualized TMS protocol for non-invasively activating specific deep brain targets.
To target right Brodmann area 25 (BA25), a region implicated in psychiatric disorders.
To overcome the depth limitations of conventional TMS by leveraging brain network connectivity.

Main Methods:

Utilized diffusion imaging tractography to identify a right frontal pole cortical site connected to BA25.
Employed concurrent TMS-fMRI interleaving in ten subjects.
Applied single TMS pulses at varying intensities (80-140% motor threshold) to the individualized frontal pole target.

Main Results:

Nine out of ten subjects showed a significant, linear increase in BA25 BOLD activation with increasing TMS intensity.
Demonstrated dosage-dependent activation of the deep brain target (BA25) via superficial stimulation.
Confirmed the efficacy of individualized coil placement for engaging connected deep brain structures.

Conclusions:

Individualized TMS coil placement, guided by neuroimaging, can effectively modulate deep brain targets.
This approach leverages network properties to overcome TMS depth limitations, enhancing therapeutic potential.
Combining advanced imaging with TMS offers a promising strategy for non-invasive neuromodulation of deep brain circuits.