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COVID-19: systemic pathology and its implications for therapy
Qi Shen1,2, Jie Li1,2, Zhan Zhang3,4
1MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
International Journal of Biological Sciences
|January 3, 2022
Summary
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes widespread damage across multiple human systems. This review details SARS-CoV-2
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a significant global health challenge.
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has demonstrated widespread effects on multiple human physiological systems.
- Understanding the molecular and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for effective response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiological and pathological damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 across various human systems.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
- To summarize clinical manifestations and discuss current and emerging prevention and treatment strategies for COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on SARS-CoV-2.
- Analysis of molecular biological and epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2.
- Synthesis of information on physiological/pathological damage, molecular mechanisms, clinical presentation, and therapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- SARS-CoV-2 impacts the respiratory, immune, circulatory, nervous, motor, urinary, reproductive, and digestive systems.
- Detailed molecular mechanisms of viral pathogenesis are summarized.
- Clinical manifestations correlate with the affected physiological systems.
Conclusions:
- A thorough understanding of SARS-CoV-2's multi-systemic effects and molecular mechanisms is essential.
- This review provides updated information to aid researchers in developing antivirals, vaccines, and novel therapeutic strategies.
- Informed strategies are critical for combating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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