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Microalbuminuria Constitutes a Clinical Action Item for Clinicians in 2021
Peter Rossing1, Murray Epstein2
1Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Head of Complications Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
The American Journal of Medicine
|January 3, 2022
Summary
Early screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is vital, as it often lacks symptoms but has effective interventions. Regular urine albumin and blood creatinine/cystatin C tests can detect CKD and improve patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Public Health
- Cardiology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) impacts 10% of the global population, with diabetes as the primary cause.
- CKD, characterized by impaired kidney function or albuminuria, significantly elevates risks of renal function decline, cardiovascular disease, and mortality.
- Early-stage CKD is often asymptomatic, underscoring the critical need for proactive screening.
Purpose of the Study:
- To emphasize the importance of early screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- To highlight the availability of new interventions that can significantly reduce CKD-associated risks.
- To advocate for the regular screening and management of CKD and its risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Screening involves regular measurement of urinary albumin and blood creatinine or cystatin C to estimate kidney function.
- Current data show albuminuria screening rates are low, ranging from 20% to 50% in at-risk populations.
- Clinicians must integrate regular screening with risk factor management.
Main Results:
- Despite the critical need, albuminuria screening is underutilized, occurring in only 20%-50% of individuals at risk.
- Effective interventions are available to mitigate the severe risks associated with CKD.
- A reduction in albuminuria post-intervention serves as a key indicator of improved prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Regular screening for CKD using albuminuria and kidney function tests is essential for early detection and intervention.
- Implementing recently approved therapeutic options can dramatically reduce the high risks associated with CKD.
- Achieving a reduction in albuminuria is a crucial treatment target, signifying a better patient outlook.
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