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Published on: June 28, 2021
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Anorexia nervosa and pancreatitis.
Sarah Hudson-Phillips1, Kate Mayo1, Kofi Cox2
1Department of General Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|January 5, 2022
Summary
Acute pancreatitis can occur in patients with anorexia nervosa due to malnutrition or refeeding. This review explores the pathophysiology and management of pancreatitis in anorexia nervosa patients.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Psychiatry
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Acute pancreatitis involves pancreatic autodigestion due to premature enzyme activation.
- Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by low body weight and food aversion.
- The connection between anorexia nervosa and pancreatitis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the theorized pathophysiology linking anorexia nervosa and pancreatitis.
- To review the optimal management strategies for co-existing conditions.
- To synthesize current literature on this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Literature search conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases.
- Included studies focused on adult patients with both anorexia nervosa and pancreatitis.
- Reviewed articles discussing presentations, pathophysiology, and management.
Main Results:
- Pancreatitis in anorexia nervosa may stem from malnutrition or the refeeding process.
- Proposed mechanisms include histopathological changes, enzymatic alterations, oxidative damage, and mechanical factors.
- Medications used for anorexia nervosa have also been implicated in pancreatitis.
Conclusions:
- Multiple pathways link anorexia nervosa to pancreatitis, including nutritional, metabolic, and iatrogenic factors.
- Optimal management requires addressing both the eating disorder and pancreatitis concurrently.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and refine treatment protocols.
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