Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

536
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
536
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

3.0K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
3.0K
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV01:26

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

69
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
69
Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

518
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
518
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

1.7K

Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
1.7K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

530
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
530

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Maternal asthma activity and offspring asthma: a linked-data population study in Australia and Sweden.

BMJ open respiratory research·2026
Same author

Prenatal Prescription Opioid Analgesic Exposure and Academic Performance in Third Grade Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2026
Same author

Trends in Opioid Agonist Treatment for Opioid Dependence During Pregnancy: A Population-Based Study in New South Wales 2005-2021.

Drug and alcohol review·2026
Same author

Retention in opioid agonist treatment during pregnancy and variations according to treatment and maternal characteristics.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026
Same author

Effectiveness of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies during pregnancy: A multi-national population-based study.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2025
Same author

Analgesic opioids in pregnancy and placental malperfusion-related disorders: a population-based cohort study.

International journal of epidemiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
05:13

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Published on: February 28, 2025

385

Tobacco use during pregnancy.

Alys Havard1,2, Jonathan James Chandran3, Ju Lee Oei4,5

  • 1National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Smoking during pregnancy causes complications. While counseling helps, more research is needed on pharmacotherapies and e-cigarettes for pregnant women to improve cessation rates.

Keywords:
infantoutcomespregnancypreventionsmokingtobacco

More Related Videos

Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
15:27

Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development

Published on: July 13, 2014

14.8K
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

86.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
05:13

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Published on: February 28, 2025

385
Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
15:27

Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development

Published on: July 13, 2014

14.8K
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

86.6K

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Tobacco use during pregnancy is a major preventable cause of adverse birth outcomes.
  • Prevalence varies, with smoking common in high-income countries and smokeless tobacco in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Quitting smoking early in pregnancy significantly reduces risks, but cessation rates remain low.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effectiveness of interventions for smoking cessation in pregnant women.
  • To assess the current evidence on pharmacotherapies and e-cigarettes for pregnant smokers.
  • To identify gaps in research regarding safe and effective cessation aids during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of evidence for psychosocial interventions, pharmacotherapies, and e-cigarettes.
  • Synthesis of data on efficacy, safety, and success rates of different cessation methods.

Main Results:

  • Psychosocial interventions, particularly counseling, show effectiveness in promoting smoking cessation among pregnant women.
  • Evidence for the efficacy and safety of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies during pregnancy is limited.
  • Nicotine replacement therapy is sometimes recommended for those unable to quit unassisted.
  • E-cigarette research for pregnant populations is insufficient to determine safety and effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Counseling is a recommended first-line treatment for pregnant smokers.
  • Further research is crucial to establish the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapies and e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in pregnancy.
  • Improving cessation rates in pregnant women is vital for reducing preventable complications and adverse birth outcomes.