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Related Concept Videos

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Related Experiment Video

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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

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Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs).

Valeri H Terry1, Gretchen E Zimmerman1, Maria C Virgilio2,3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new in vitro model using cord blood stem cells to research HIV-1 latency. It also details methods for finding and analyzing the virus in cells from patients with controlled HIV.

Keywords:
HIV-1HSPCLatencyReactivationReservoir

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are crucial for blood formation.
  • Cord blood is a rich source of HSPCs.
  • Latent HIV-1 infection in HSPCs is a significant barrier to curing HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an in vitro model for studying inducible, latently HIV-1 infected HSPCs.
  • To develop methods for isolating and characterizing HIV-1 provirus in HSPCs from virally suppressed patients.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of cord blood-derived HSPCs with HIV-1 in vitro.
  • Isolation and characterization of HIV-1 provirus from bone marrow HSPCs.
  • Utilizing techniques for reactivation studies of latent HIV-1.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created an in vitro model of inducible latent HIV-1 infection in cord blood HSPCs.
  • Developed and applied methods to identify and analyze proviral DNA in HSPCs from suppressed individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The developed in vitro model provides a valuable tool for investigating HIV-1 latency and reactivation.
  • Characterization of provirus in HSPCs from suppressed patients offers insights into persistent viral reservoirs.