Implant insertion angle and depth: Peri-implant bone stress analysis by the finite element method

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Biomechanics
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Peri-implant bone tissue is susceptible to stress from dental implant placement.
• Understanding biomechanical responses to varying implant parameters is crucial for long-term success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate how different implant insertion angles and depths affect stress on peri-implant bone.
• To analyze stress distribution under both axial and oblique loading conditions.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the Checklist for Reporting In-vitro Studies (CRIS) guidelines.
• Simulated six models (M1-M6) with varying depths (0mm, 2mm) and angles (0°, 17°, 30°).
• Applied 100 N loads and analyzed stress using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion.

Main Results:

• Implants angled and placed below the bone crest generated the highest cortical bone stresses.
• Axial loading caused peak stresses on the buccal side of perpendicular implants.
• Inclined implants consistently showed higher stress peaks on the lingual side under both loading types.

Conclusions:

• Optimal implant positioning involves perpendicular placement with the prosthetic platform at bone crest height.
• This configuration minimizes peri-implant bone stress during both axial and oblique loading.
• Finite element analysis is a valuable tool for assessing biomechanical phenomena in dental implantology.