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Marine heatwaves of sea surface temperature off south Java
Mochamad Riza Iskandar1, Mochamad Furqon Azis Ismail1, Taslim Arifin2
1Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are increasing off South Java, impacting fisheries. Two major MHW events in 1998 and 2016 were linked to El Niño and reduced monsoon activity, highlighting regional climate vulnerabilities.
Area of Science:
- Oceanography
- Climate Science
- Marine Biology
Background:
- Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are increasing globally.
- These events pose significant risks to marine ecosystems and fisheries.
- The South Java coast is an important Indonesian fisheries hotspot.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize MHW dynamics off South Java from 1982-2019.
- To understand the impact of MHWs on a key Indonesian fisheries region.
- To identify drivers of extreme MHW events in the tropical Indian Ocean.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of satellite-observed sea surface temperature (SST) data.
- Characterization of MHW event frequency, intensity, and duration.
- Correlation analysis with climate drivers like El Niño and monsoon activity.
Main Results:
- Two significant MHW events were identified in 1998 and 2016.
- Both events occurred during the austral winter and spring.
- These MHWs coincided with strong El Niño and decreased monsoon activity.
Conclusions:
- MHWs are a growing concern for the South Java marine ecosystem.
- Understanding MHW dynamics is crucial for fisheries management in the region.
- Climate variability, including El Niño and monsoons, significantly influences MHW occurrence.
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