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Application of non-pharmaceutical interventions in camps following the onset of COVID-19
Barry A Garst1, Alexsandra Dubin1, Tracey Gaslin2
1Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Insights
Camps effectively used non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) like screening and distancing to protect youth health during COVID-19. Camp healthcare providers promoted wellness and mobilized services to ensure NPI implementation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Pediatric Healthcare
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic presented operational and healthcare challenges for youth organizations in 2020.
- Guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlighted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for safe youth program operation.
- Limited research existed on NPI utilization within summer camp settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the utilization of NPIs among camp healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To identify specific practices of camp healthcare providers that facilitated NPI implementation.
- To provide benchmarks for NPI usage in youth settings.
Main Methods:
- Sequential explanatory mixed-methods study design.
- Online questionnaire administered to camp healthcare providers.
- One-on-one interviews conducted with participants following the questionnaire.
Main Results:
- Camps consistently implemented core NPIs: screening, cohorting, hand hygiene, sanitization, ventilation, and physical distancing.
- Key practices of healthcare providers included wellness promotion, health awareness and modeling, and health service mobilization.
- These provider practices were crucial for enabling NPI utilization.
Conclusions:
- Study findings offer benchmarks for NPI usage in youth settings.
- Effective practices identified can inform health-promoting strategies in diverse formal and informal youth environments.
- NPIs are vital for maintaining health and safety in organized youth programs.
Background:
As the COVID-19 pandemic emerged in the United States in the spring and summer of 2020, many organizations serving children and youth immediately faced significant operational and healthcare challenges. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance for the safe operation of youth programmes emphasized the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), yet few studies have examined NPI usage in summer programmes such as camps.
Method:
This sequential explanatory mixed-methods study explored the utilization of NPIs among camp healthcare providers who completed an online questionnaire followed by one-on-one interviews.
Results:
The study findings indicated that camps consistently used a core set of NPIs to maintain and protect the health of camp participants, including screening, cohorting, hand hygiene, sanitizing practices, ventilation and physical distancing. The study findings further identified specific practices of camp healthcare providers that made NPI utilization possible, as exemplified in the emergent themes of wellness promotion; health awareness and modelling; and camp health service mobilization.
Conclusion:
NPI usage benchmarks from this study, as well as effective practices for NPI utilization, can inform the application of NPIs and other health-promoting practices across diverse formal and informal youth settings.
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