A combined biomarker panel shows improved sensitivity and specificity for detection of ovarian cancer

Combined biomarkers can improve the sensitivity and specificity of ovarian cancer (OC) diagnosis and effectively predict patient prognosis. This study explored the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum CCL18 and CXCL1 antigens combined with C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 autoantibodies in OC.

CCL18 and CXCL1 monoclonal antibodies and C1D, FXR1, ZNF573, and TM4SF1 antigens were coated with microspheres. Logistic regression was used to construct a serum antigen-antibody combined detection model; receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the model; and the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis to evaluate the prognosis of OC. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) projects and online survival analysis tools were used to evaluate prognostic genes for OC. The CIBERSORT immune score was used to explore the factors influencing prognosis and their relationship with tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

The levels of each index in the blood samples of patients with OC were higher than those of the other groups. The combined detection model has higher specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of OC, and its diagnostic efficiency is better than that of CA125 alone and diagnosing other malignant tumors. CCL18 and TM4SF1 may be factors affecting the prognosis of OC, and CCL18 may be related to immune-infiltrating cells.

The serum antigen-antibody combined detection model established in this study has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of OC.