LncRNA Expression Profiles in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Emerging Biomarkers and...

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are common autoimmune diseases with overlapping features.
• Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the roles of lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in SLE and RA.
• To summarize current research on lncRNA dysregulation in these autoimmune conditions.

Main Methods:

• A narrative review of original articles on lncRNAs in SLE and RA published up to November 1, 2021.
• Analysis of lncRNA expression profiles in various biological samples (PBMCs, serum, exosomes).

Main Results:

• Several lncRNAs, including GAS5, NEAT1, TUG1, linc0949, and linc0597, are dysregulated in SLE.
• lncRNAs such as HOTAIR, GAS5, and HIX003209 are identified as promising biomarkers for RA diagnosis and treatment.
• Shared lncRNAs like GAS5 may influence SLE via the MAPK pathway and RA via the AMPK pathway.

Conclusions:

• lncRNAs represent a significant area of research for understanding SLE and RA pathogenesis.
• Specific lncRNAs hold potential as novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies in SLE and RA.