Proteomics in dogs: a systematic review

Proteomic analysis is having a rapid development as a method for the detection of biomarkers of diseases in dogs. Dogs in addition to their importance as companion animals, serve as important animal models for research. This study aims to systematically review evidence regarding the studies performed in proteomics in dogs, and specifically those made in serum, saliva, urine and/or plasma. Information searched in October 2020, January 2021 and August 2021, for English language publications of the last decade (2010-2020) were obtained from electronic databases. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were undertaken by two investigators. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Review Manager (RevMan 5) tool. Meta-analysis and case report studies were not included in this review. Through the screening process a total of 557 publications were identified after the removal of duplicates. Out of these, 65 were fully evaluated and 44 of these were included in the review. Most studies evaluated the proteome of disease and compared it with a healthy population, and most of the articles included were made on serum, followed by saliva. The overall risk of bias for all studies was high, due to an absence in the generation of random sequence. Overall proteomic analysis has allowed the discovery of new physiopathological pathways of diseases and potential biomarkers in the dog, which are addressed in this review.