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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Superior Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Performance Using Short-Side-Chain Perfluorosulfonic Acid (PFSA)

Nana Zhao1, Zhiqing Shi1, Francois Girard1

  • 1Energy, Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 4250 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2022
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Summary

Short-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) enhance performance, especially under demanding conditions. Using SSC PFSA as both membrane and ionomer in catalyst layers yields superior fuel cell efficiency.

Keywords:
PEM fuel cellionomerlong side chainmembraneperfluorosulfonic acidshort side chain

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are crucial for clean energy.
  • Ionomer material selection in catalyst layers (CLs) is as vital as membrane choice for PEMFC performance.
  • Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers are key components in PEMFCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of short-side-chain (SSC) and long-side-chain (LSC) PFSA polymers on PEMFC performance.
  • To evaluate the effect of ionomer and membrane material combinations on fuel cell efficiency.
  • To understand the influence of temperature and humidity on different PFSA polymer performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of four membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with varying SSC and LSC PFSA combinations for membranes and CLs.
  • Testing MEAs under diverse temperature and humidity conditions.
  • Application of electrochemical diagnoses to analyze cell resistances.

Main Results:

  • SSC PFSA polymers as membrane and ionomer in CLs significantly outperform LSC PFSA.
  • The MEA using SSC PFSA for both membrane and cathode CL ionomer exhibited the best performance, particularly at high temperatures and low relative humidity (RH).
  • Charge transfer resistance (Rct) was identified as the primary contributor to overall cell resistance, followed by membrane resistance (Rm).

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing ionomer materials in CLs is critical for advancing PEMFC technology.
  • SSC PFSA polymers offer a promising route to enhance PEMFC performance, especially under challenging operating conditions.
  • Targeting ionomer improvements in CLs can yield more substantial performance gains than solely modifying the membrane.