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A Layered Middleware for OT/IT Convergence to Empower Industry 5.0 Applications.

Lorenzo Patera1, Andrea Garbugli1, Armir Bujari1

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy.

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Summary

Industry 5.0 advances smart manufacturing by integrating data and AI for sustainable value chains. This study introduces a novel middleware architecture to bridge operational and information technology domains, enhancing industrial decision-making.

Keywords:
Industry 5.0OT/IT integrationcloud continuumcyber–physical systemsmachine-to-machinesmart manufacturing

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Area of Science:

  • Industrial Engineering and Management
  • Computer Science
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Industry 4.0 (I4.0) integrates Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) with Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) for smart manufacturing.
  • Industry 5.0 (I5.0) extends I4.0 by focusing on human-centric, sustainable, and circular value chains.
  • A key challenge in I5.0 is the lack of coordination between Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) domains for data integration and AI-driven decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an architectural approach for OT/IT convergence in the context of Industry 5.0.
  • To develop a software prototype demonstrating the proposed architectural solution.
  • To address the challenge of integrating data and AI in industrial decision-making processes across OT and IT.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a two-layered middleware solution tailored to the distinct requirements of OT and IT.
  • Implementation of a software prototype based on the proposed middleware architecture.
  • Validation using a real-world testbed with actual machine data.

Main Results:

  • The proposed middleware architecture effectively addresses the OT/IT convergence problem.
  • The software prototype demonstrated successful integration and data processing capabilities.
  • The system showed scalability to handle increasing data volumes in a real-world industrial setting.

Conclusions:

  • The developed architectural approach and prototype provide a viable solution for OT/IT convergence in Industry 5.0.
  • This facilitates enhanced data integration and AI utilization for industrial decision-making.
  • The findings support the transition towards more sustainable and efficient industrial value chains.