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Updated: Oct 7, 2025

NMR-Based Fragment Screening in a Minimum Sample but Maximum Automation Mode
Published on: June 4, 2021
Mass-Labeled Fluorotelomer Alcohol Fragmentation Gives "False Positive" for Nonlabeled Fluorotelomer Alcohols with
Liliana Cahuas1, Ivan A Titaley2, Jennifer A Field2
1Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.
Abstract:
Volatile per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are detected in various consumer goods, raising concerns over environmental fate and human exposure. Volatile PFAS are commonly analyzed by gas chromatography-chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Mass-labeled standards are used for quantitative analysis of volatile PFAS and to ensure quality control. However, mass-labeled fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) analyzed in positive chemical ionization produces signals corresponding to nonlabeled (native) FTOH ions, resulting in false positives. This observation was attributed to deuterium or hydrogen abstraction of mass-labeled standards. Deuterium abstraction of deuterated standards, including d4-4:2 FTOH, 13C2-d2-6:2 FTOH, 13C2-d2-10:2 FTOH, and hydrogen abstraction of 13C-labeled standard 13C2-8:2 FTOH are ionization artifacts that yielded responses for native FTOH m/z values. False positives for native (nonlabeled) FTOHs caused by the introduction of a mass-labeled surrogate can be controlled by blank subtracting or decreasing mass-labeled standard concentrations. Alternatively, different mass-labeled standards can also be used in sample analysis.
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