Controlled Adhesion of HUVEC on Polyelectrolyte Multilayers by Regulation of Coating Conditions

Adhesion of host cells on the surface of implants is necessary for a healthy ingrowth of the implanted material. One possibility of surface modification is the coating of the implant with a second material with advantageous physical-chemical surface properties for the biological system. The coverage with blood proteins takes place immediately after implantation. It is followed by host-cell interaction on the surface. In this work, the effect of polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings (PEMs) on adhesion and activity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was studied. The PEMs were formed from poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) from solutions with different concentrations of NaCl varying between 0 and 1.0 M. The adhesion of HUVEC and their viability on the PEM is related to the amount of adsorbed proteins from the applied cell growth medium. The amount of adsorbed proteins is controlled not only by the surface charge but also by the internal excess charge of the PEM. The internal excess charge of the PEM was controlled by changing the electrolyte concentration in the deposition solutions.