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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

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Monitoring Tumor Metastases and Osteolytic Lesions with Bioluminescence and Micro CT Imaging
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Tumor-induced osteomalacia: a case report.

Khalid Aligail1, Joel A Dave1, Ian Louis Ross2

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, J47-85 Old Main Building, Private Bag X3, Observatory, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|January 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare condition causing hypophosphatemia and bone fractures. Early diagnosis through a stepwise approach and surgical tumor removal can lead to a cure.

Keywords:
Fibroblast growth factor-23HypophosphatemiaOsteomalaciaTumor-induced osteomalacia

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome.
  • Characterized by hypophosphatemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and low active vitamin D.
  • Leads to poor bone mineral density, bone pain, fractures, and muscle weakness.

Observation:

  • A 74-year-old male presented with treatment-resistant hypophosphatemia.
  • Associated with severe bone mineral density reduction and multiple fractures.
  • Fractures included ribs, vertebrae, and humerus.

Findings:

  • A logical, stepwise diagnostic approach is crucial for identifying TIO.
  • Hypophosphatemia in this case was resistant to conventional treatment.
  • The patient experienced significant bone fragility.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of TIO is possible with a systematic evaluation.
  • Surgical resection of the causative tumor offers a potential cure.
  • Understanding TIO management is vital for improving patient outcomes.