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Robust Fabrication of Composite 3D Scaffolds with Tissue-Specific Bioactivity: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Muthu Kumar Krishnamoorthi1,2, Udi Sarig1,2,3, Limor Baruch2
1School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|January 13, 2022
Summary
Researchers developed 3D composite scaffolds (3DCSs) mimicking natural extracellular matrix (ECM) for cardiac tissue engineering. These robust, tunable scaffolds support stem cell differentiation and cardiomyocyte maturation, offering a promising regenerative medicine platform.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Engineered scaffolds must mimic native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) for effective tissue regeneration.
- Natural ECM complexity presents challenges in creating robust, bioactive scaffolds.
- Decellularized porcine cardiac ECM (pcECM) is a promising but variable platform for cardiac tissue engineering.
Purpose of the Study:
- To fabricate robust and tunable 3D composite scaffolds (3DCSs) with physical and biochemical properties comparable to native pcECM.
- To evaluate the bioactivity and potential of 3DCSs in cardiac tissue engineering applications.
- To demonstrate a platform for materials science and regenerative medicine R&D.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of 3D composite scaffolds (3DCSs) using wet electrospinning.
- Functionalization of scaffolds with a decellularized porcine cardiac ECM (pcECM) hydrogel.
- In vitro assessment of scaffold immunogenicity, human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) cardiac differentiation.
Main Results:
- 3DCSs exhibited comparable physical and biochemical properties to native pcECM.
- Fabricated scaffolds were non-immunogenic in vitro and supported human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.
- 3DCSs induced spontaneous cardiac lineage differentiation in hiPSCs and supported hiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte viability, function, and maturation.
Conclusions:
- Developed 3D composite scaffolds offer a robust, tunable, and bioactive platform for cardiac tissue engineering.
- The technology provides a promising approach for regenerative medicine and materials science research.
- These scaffolds demonstrate significant potential for future R&D applications in cardiac repair.
