Biochemical composition of the pericarp cell wall of popcorn inbred lines with different popping expansion

The popping expansion is a characteristic that is positively related with the quality of popcorn. A positive correlation between the volume of expansion and the thickness of the pericarp, and between the proportion of the opaque/shiny endosperm and the grain weight and volume, were postulated. However, there are no reports in the literature that address the importance of cell wall components in the popping expansion. Here, we investigate the biochemical composition of the pericarp cell walls of three inbred lines of popcorn with different popping expansion. Inbred lines GP12 (expansion volume >40 mL g^-1), P11 (expansion volume 30 mL g^-1) and P16 (expansion volume 14 mL g^-1) were used for the analysis and quantification of monosaccharides by HPAEC-PAD, and ferulic and p-coumaric acids and lignin by HPLC. Our hypothesis is that the biochemical composition of the pericarp cell walls may be related to greater or lesser popping expansion. Our data suggest that the lignin content and composition contribute to popping expansion. The highest concentration of lignin (129.74 μg mg^-1; 12.97%) was detected in the pericarp cell wall of the GP12 inbred line with extremely high popping expansion, and the lowest concentration (113.52 μg mg^-1; 11.35%) was observed in the P16 inbred line with low popping expansion. These findings may contribute to indicating the quantitative trait locus for breeding programs and to developing other methods to improve the popping expansion of popcorn.