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Squeezing multiple soft particles into a constriction: Transition to clogging.

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Deformable capsules can either flow continuously or cause blockage in microfluidic constrictions. Capsule deformability enhances passage through narrow constrictions, unlike rigid particles.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices are crucial for manipulating soft biological entities like cells.
  • Understanding particle behavior in constrictions is key for microfluidic applications.
  • Living cells, as deformable capsules, present unique flow dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the behavior of multiple deformable capsules passing through a constriction.
  • To identify the key factors governing capsule passage and constriction blockage.
  • To compare the flow dynamics of deformable versus rigid particles.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fully three-dimensional simulations.
  • Employed the lattice Boltzmann method for fluid flow computation.
  • Applied the immersed boundary method for fluid-structure interaction.
  • Used the finite-element method for capsule membrane mechanics.

Main Results:

  • Observed two primary states: continuous passage and blockage leading to clogging.
  • Transition between states depends on capsule size, constriction width, and membrane deformability.
  • Capsule deformability facilitates passage through narrower constrictions.

Conclusions:

  • Capsule deformability is a critical factor in microfluidic constriction flow.
  • Deformable capsules offer advantages over rigid particles in narrow microchannels.
  • Findings inform the design of microfluidic systems for cell manipulation.