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Do pharmacy practice standards effectively describe behaviour? Reviewing practice standards using a behavioural

Deanna Mill1, Amy Page2,3,4, Jacinta Johnson5,6

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Australian pharmacy practice standards lack specific behavioral details. Improving the Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) framework in guidelines enhances clarity and adherence for better healthcare quality.

Keywords:
Behavioural specificationPharmacistPractice standardsProfessional behaviour

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Area of Science:

  • Health professions education
  • Behavioural science in healthcare
  • Pharmacy practice research

Background:

  • Professional guidelines are crucial for consistent healthcare quality and conduct.
  • Explicitly defined behaviours in standards improve interpretation, enactment, and measurement.
  • The Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) framework offers a detailed method for specifying behaviours.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the specificity of behaviours within the Professional Practice Standards for Australian Pharmacists.
  • To determine if these standards explicitly define Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) components.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel codebook based on the AACTT framework for evaluating practice standards.
  • Conducted a directed content analysis of 768 independent behaviours extracted from the standards.
  • Ensured consistency through independent review of 20% of the extracted behaviours.

Main Results:

  • A significant portion of behaviours (39%) described a discrete action, but lacked specificity.
  • Very few behaviours specified the Actor (0%), Context (3%), or Time (11%).
  • A notable percentage (17%) specified the Target.

Conclusions:

  • Australian pharmacists' practice standards do not consistently detail behaviours using the AACTT framework.
  • Enhanced behavioural specificity in standards is needed for improved interpretability, usability, and adherence.
  • This has implications for developing interventions and improving the quality of pharmaceutical care.