Self-ignored onsite adverse donor reaction among whole blood donors: A single center experience from India

Adverse donor reactions (ADR) may often go unreported due to donor related or blood center related factors. Possible donor related factors are self-ignorance of the adverse reaction, inertia to notify blood centre and non-compliance to follow-up. A better understanding of the self-ignored adverse donor reaction (SIADR) helps in early detection, avoidance of complications, adoption of mitigation strategies, and retention of donors. In the current study, we aim to identify the incidence and reasons for onsite SIADR among whole blood donors.

Prospective single-center observational study where 501 participants who completed whole blood donation were recruited. They were interviewed twice by an experienced investigator to identify any onsite SIADR occurred. First interview was conducted just before leaving the premise and second two days after donation using a peer reviewed and validated questionnaire. Cross-tabulation and Chi-square test were used for bivariate analysis.

Twelve participants out of 501 (2.39%) were found to have onsite SIADR which was twice the frequency of reported onsite ADR (1.20%) during the study period in our center. A majority (75%) of them experienced grade I vaso-vagal reactions (VVR). Around 58.3% of the SIADR donors ignored the reaction as they perceived it as mild, while 25% perceived the symptoms but failed to interpret them as a reaction.

In our center, incidence of onsite SIADR was double the incidence of ADR and majority were VVR grade I. Commonest reason for SIADR was interpretation of reaction as mild. Blood center team shall be proactive and vigilant to identify and report SIADR.