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Carbapenem-resistant IMP-1-producing Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis emerging in a hemodialysis unit

Letícia Kellen de Andrade1, Arturo Levican2, Louise Cerdeira3

  • 1Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [Publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
|January 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A novel carbapenem-resistant bacterium, Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis, caused bloodstream infections in hemodialysis patients. Early identification and treatment are crucial for managing this emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Hemodialysis patients face high risks of bloodstream infections, often caused by uncommon bacteria.
  • Emerging pathogens like Pseudocitrobacter are associated with carbapenemase genes and hospital-acquired infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in hemodialysis patients.
  • To identify the specific bacterial species and characterize its resistance mechanisms and genetic elements.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated nine cases of bloodstream infections in hemodialysis patients.
  • Utilized XbaI-PFGE for strain typing and S1-PFGE with Southern blot hybridization for plasmid analysis.
  • Determined the antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates.

Main Results:

  • Identified a multidrug-resistant clone of Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis producing metallo-β-lactamase (IMP-1).
  • The blaIMP-1 gene was located on a 200-kb IncC/ST3 plasmid.
  • Patients were successfully treated with amikacin, and infection control measures were enhanced.

Conclusions:

  • Reports the emergence of Pseudocitrobacter vendiensis in hemodialysis-associated bloodstream infections.
  • Highlights the need for surveillance of this emerging carbapenemase-producing pathogen due to its epidemic potential.
  • Emphasizes the importance of prompt identification and appropriate treatment strategies.
Keywords:
CarbapenemaseEnterobacteralesMetallo-β-lactamaseNosocomial infectionOutbreak

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