Pediatric anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with MOG-Ab co-existence: Relapse propensity and
Zhang Weihua1, Gong Shuai1, Ren Changhong1
1Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health China, 56 South Lishi Road Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
Objectives:
To investigate the clinical characteristics of the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)encephalitis with anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG-Ab)positivity serostatus in pediatric patients.
Methods:
The clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis with positive MOG-Ab were elaborated. The annualized relapse rates (ARRs) were compared before and during treatment with disease-modifying drugs (DMDs).
Results:
Twelve patients were included. In the prospective cohort(Cohort A), MOG-Ab positivity was associated with relapse (p = 0.028, OR = 1.677). Eight cases relapsed, of which six cases were treated with DMDs. The median ARR reduced significantly following DMDs treatments (z = 1.992, P = 0.046).
Conclusions:
The anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients with MOG-Ab co-existence are prone to relapse. Long-term DMDs therapy can reduce ARRs.
Insights
Pediatric patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) positivity are prone to relapse. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) significantly reduce relapse rates in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune neurological disorder.
- Co-existence of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Ab) in NMDAR encephalitis presents unique clinical challenges.
- Understanding the clinical course and treatment response in pediatric patients with co-existing antibodies is crucial.
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