Breastfeeding and sleep-disordered breathing in children: systematic review and proposal of underlying interaction

M Storari1, F Yanez-Regonesi2, G Denotti3

  • 1Department of Surgical Science, Institute of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

Insights

Breastfeeding offers significant protection against paediatric sleep-disordered breathing, including habitual snoring, by mitigating risk factors. Further research is needed to confirm these protective effects in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Paediatric sleep breathing disorders are an increasing concern.
  • Protective factors against these disorders are not well-established.
  • Evidence on breastfeeding's role in preventing childhood sleep issues is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review evidence on breastfeeding's effect on childhood snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To describe the mechanisms through which breastfeeding may protect against sleep-disordered breathing.
  • To identify gaps in current research regarding protective factors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Scopus up to October 2020.
  • Inclusion of diverse study designs (prospective, retrospective, cohort, etc.) without language or publication date restrictions.
  • PRISMA guidelines followed for study selection and data extraction; supplementary search for interaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Breastfeeding demonstrates a protective effect against paediatric sleep-disordered breathing.
  • This protection is particularly noted for habitual snoring.
  • Breastfeeding appears to prevent associated risk factors contributing to sleep-disordered breathing.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding is a viable protective factor for children and adolescents against sleep-disordered breathing.
  • Further high-quality prospective studies are necessary to validate these findings.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of interaction can inform preventative strategies.
Abstract

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