Probably the Mycobacterium avium Complex around the Staple Line Exacerbated after Radiation Therapy

The space around the staple line after lung surgery is at high risk of nontuberculosis Mycobacterium pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Solitary nodules of NTM-PD around the staple line are difficult to distinguish from lung cancer. There is no clear identification from laboratory data and radiologic findings without histological examination. In the present case, we misdiagnosed the pulmonary granulomas with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) as a recurrence of lung cancer. We conducted radiation therapy. The pulmonary granulomas with MAC-PD were exacerbated by irradiation. The effects of radiation therapy for MAC-PD are unknown. When radiation therapy is performed for the patient coexistence with MAC-PD, we should pay attention to exacerbation of MAC-PD.