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Related Concept Videos

Types of Coprecipitation01:10

Types of Coprecipitation

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Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...
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Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

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The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

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In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
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Selective Allowance of Precipitation from Oversaturated Solution Using Surface Structures.

Kihwan Kim1, Kwangseok Lee1, Jaehyun Choi2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlling salt precipitation direction is possible by altering surface structures. Micro/nanostructured surfaces promote perpendicular deposition, preventing pipe clogging in industrial applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Precipitation, particularly salt (NaCl) deposition, is a common issue in industrial settings.
  • This phenomenon can lead to significant problems such as pipe clogging, impacting operational efficiency.
  • Controlling the direction of precipitation is crucial for mitigating these industrial challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for controlling the direction of salt precipitation.
  • To explore the influence of surface structures and properties on precipitation patterns.
  • To develop a novel approach for managing precipitation in industrial environments.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of NaCl precipitation on bare, nanostructured, microstructured, and micro/nanostructured surfaces.
  • Immersion of various surface types in saturated aqueous NaCl solution.
  • Analysis of precipitation height and deposition patterns across different surface topographies.

Main Results:

  • NaCl deposited as a flat layer on bare and nanostructured surfaces.
  • Microstructured and micro/nanostructured surfaces induced thick, perpendicular precipitation.
  • Patterned microscale structures effectively inhibited precipitate spreading.

Conclusions:

  • Surface engineering, specifically micro/nanostructuring, can effectively control salt precipitation direction.
  • This method offers a promising solution for preventing pipe clogging caused by precipitation.
  • The findings present a novel approach for industrial precipitation management.