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The Relationship Between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Left Atrial Phasic Function in Hypertensive Patients With

Tsuyoshi Tabata1, Kazuhiro Shimizu2, Yukihiro Morinaga1

  • 1Department of Clinical Functional Physiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.

Frontiers in Medical Technology
|January 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Increased arterial stiffness, measured by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), is linked to impaired left atrial (LA) function in hypertensive patients. This suggests CAVI may help detect early cardiovascular issues.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hypertension Research
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Arterial stiffness, assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), is an early indicator of vascular damage.
  • Left atrial (LA) dysfunction contributes to cardiovascular events, particularly in hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between arterial stiffness (CAVI) and LA phasic function.
  • To investigate this relationship in hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 165 hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF.
  • Simultaneous measurement of CAVI and echocardiography, including speckle-tracking for LA phasic function (reservoir, conduit, pump strain) and LVGLS.
  • Statistical analysis using univariate and multiple linear regression.

Main Results:

  • CAVI correlated significantly with LA reservoir strain (r=-0.387) and LA conduit strain (r=-0.448).
  • Multiple regression revealed CAVI was independently associated with age and LA conduit strain (β=-0.386).
  • No independent association was found between CAVI and LV mass index, LA volume index, or LV systolic function (LVGLS).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated CAVI is independently associated with impaired LA conduit function in hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF.
  • CAVI may serve as an early marker for detecting cardiovascular abnormalities in hypertension.
  • This highlights the potential of CAVI in identifying early interactions between arterial stiffness and atrial function before significant remodeling occurs.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnesscardio-ankle vascular indexhypertensionleft atrial phasic functionspeckle-tracking echocardiography

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