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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)
Published on: March 16, 2012
Current Status of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec)
Yuki Uehara1,2,3,4
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Abstract:
Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing was established in the 2000s and has been employed as a tool for the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the evolution investigation of Staphylococcus species. Molecular cloning and the conventional sequencing of SCCmec have been adopted to verify the presence and structure of a novel SCCmec type, while convenient PCR-based SCCmec identification methods have been used in practical settings for many years. In addition, whole-genome sequencing has been widely used, and various SCCmec and similar structures have been recently identified in various species. The current status of the SCCmec types, SCCmec subtypes, rules for nomenclature, and multiple methods for identifying SCCmec types and subtypes were summarized in this review, according to the perspective of the International Working Group on the Classification of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Elements.
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