Treatment of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma-A Multidisciplinary Approach

Area of Science:

• Hepatobiliary Surgery
• Surgical Oncology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) is a distinct biliary tract cancer.
• Delayed diagnosis leads to poor prognosis despite advances in treatment.
• Molecular and histopathological features allow for further classification of iCC.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and discuss multimodal treatment strategies for iCC.
• To highlight the differential use of various therapeutic approaches.
• To emphasize the importance of tailored treatment based on individual patient and tumor characteristics.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on iCC management.
• Discussion of surgical options, including liver resection and transplantation.
• Exploration of locoregional therapies and systemic treatments (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy).

Main Results:

• Liver resection is the primary curative treatment, with outcomes depending on liver function and radicality.
• Liver transplantation is an option for selected cases.
• Locoregional therapies (ablation, TACE, SIRT) and systemic therapies are crucial for advanced stages and recurrence prevention.

Conclusions:

• Multimodal treatment strategies are essential for managing iCC.
• Optimizing treatment requires integrating surgery, locoregional therapies, and systemic approaches.
• Personalized therapy based on molecular profiles is increasingly important for improving iCC patient outcomes.