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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Functional Changes in Brain Activity Using Hypnosis: A Systematic Review.

Thomas Gerhard Wolf^1,2, Karin Anna Faerber¹, Christian Rummel³

¹Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.

|January 21, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hypnosis alters brain activity, showing increased frontal lobe function and specific EEG patterns. Highly hypnotizable individuals exhibit greater left-hemisphere activity, with reduced activity in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex.

Keywords:

CT EEG PET SPECT brain activity fMRI functional changes hypnosis imaging technique systematic review

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology

Background:

Hypnosis is increasingly recognized for its therapeutic potential in pain and anxiety management.
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying hypnosis is crucial for its medical and dental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and critically evaluate functional brain changes associated with hypnosis using various neuroimaging techniques.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, cohort, comparative, cross-sectional, evaluation, and validation studies.
Searches were conducted across Cochrane, Embase, and Medline via PubMed (1979-2021), adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
Forty studies were included after an extensive screening process.

Main Results:

Evidence indicates functional brain activity changes during hypnosis.
Electromyography (EMG) startle and Somatosensory Event-Related Potentials (SERPs) showed increased frontal brain activity.
Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed positive associations between theta (θ) activity and hypnotic response, with greater left-hemisphere activity in highly hypnotizable subjects.
Reduced activity was observed in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during hypnosis.

Conclusions:

Hypnosis demonstrably alters brain function, impacting areas related to sensory processing, attention, and self-awareness.
Specific neuroimaging markers, such as EEG theta activity and frontal lobe responses, correlate with hypnotic suggestibility and experience.