Muon Irradiation of ZnO Rods: Superparamagnetic Nature Induced by Defects
Cody Landry1, Alexander Morrison1, Mehdi Esmaeili1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Abstract:
In this work, through a combination of photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and magnetic measurements, it is determined that ZnO rods, made hydrothermally using a combination of magnetic field with respect to the force of gravity, exhibit superparamagnetic properties which emerge from Zn defects. These Zn defects result in a size-dependent superparamagnetic property of the rods. Red emissions, characteristic of Zn vacancies, and magnetic susceptibility both increased with decreasing rod size. The ZnO rods have significantly larger superparamagnetic cluster sizes (one order of magnitude) and lower fluctuation rates when compared to other superparamagnetic particles.
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