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Global Impact of COVID-19 on Colorectal Cancer Screening: Current Insights and Future Directions
Jonathan Kopel1, Bojana Ristic2, Gregory L Brower3
1Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Abstract:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought significant challenges to many aspects of healthcare delivery since the first reported case in early December 2019. Once in the body, SARS-CoV-2 can spread to other digestive organs, such as the liver, because of the presence of ACE2 receptors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second-leading cause of death in the United States (US). Therefore, individuals are routinely screened using either endoscopic methods (i.e., flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy) or stool-based tests, as per the published guidelines. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recommended that all non-urgent surgical and medical procedures, including screening colonoscopies, be delayed until the pandemic stabilization. This article aims to review the impact of COVID-19 on CRC screening.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, including colonoscopies, due to healthcare system strain. This review examines the pandemic's impact on CRC screening practices and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic significantly challenged healthcare delivery globally.
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death in the US.
- SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, can affect digestive organs due to ACE2 receptors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer screening.
- To analyze disruptions in routine CRC screening procedures.
Main Methods:
- Review of published guidelines and recommendations regarding medical procedures during the pandemic.
- Analysis of the effects of delayed non-urgent procedures, such as screening colonoscopies.
Main Results:
- The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recommended delaying non-urgent procedures, including screening colonoscopies, at the pandemic's onset.
- Disruptions in CRC screening may have significant implications for early detection and patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a re-evaluation of healthcare delivery for essential screenings like CRC screening.
- Understanding the impact of such disruptions is crucial for future public health preparedness and cancer control strategies.
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