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Voluntary workplace genomic testing: wellness benefit or Pandora's box?

Kunal Sanghavi1, Betty Cohn2, Anya E R Prince3

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Summary

Workplace genomic testing (wGT) is emerging as employers offer genetic tests for wellness programs. Early identification of employee and employer concerns is crucial for developing appropriate governance for this growing market.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Genetic Testing
  • Occupational Health and Wellness
  • Bioethics and Social Implications

Background:

  • Consumer demand for genetic and genomic testing is increasing, with over 26 million Americans using direct-to-consumer services.
  • Commercial vendors are expanding genetic testing services, including pharmacogenomic and pathogenic variant testing, into workplace wellness programs.
  • This trend signifies a growing comfort with genetic testing outside traditional clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the appeal of voluntary workplace genomic testing (wGT) to both employers and employees.
  • To review the historical ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) literature concerning genetic testing in the workplace.
  • To outline the current legal landscape relevant to workplace genomic testing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ELSI concerning workplace genetic testing.
  • Analysis of the current legal framework.
  • Identification of employer and employee interests and concerns in the nascent wGT market.

Main Results:

  • Workplace genomic testing is gaining traction due to increasing consumer comfort with genetic services.
  • Existing literature and legal frameworks provide a foundation for understanding wGT, but specific workplace considerations are evolving.
  • The market for wGT is in its early stages, necessitating proactive identification of stakeholder interests.

Conclusions:

  • The current early stage of the workplace genomic testing market presents a critical window for establishing governance.
  • Developing data-driven policies that address the specific concerns of employees and employers is essential.
  • Proactive governance will ensure that regulations evolve alongside the wGT market, mitigating potential risks and maximizing benefits.