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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Angle-resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy At Ultra-low Temperatures
Published on: October 9, 2012
Femtosecond Resolution of the Nonballistic Electron Energy Transport in Warm Dense Copper
A Grolleau1,2, F Dorchies2, N Jourdain1,2
1CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
Abstract:
The ultrafast electron energy transport is investigated in laser-heated warm dense copper in a high flux regime (2.5±0.7×10^{13} W/cm^{2} absorbed). The dynamics of the electron temperature is retrieved from femtosecond time-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy near the Cu L3 edge. A characteristic time of ∼1 ps is observed for the increase in the average temperature in a 100 nm thick sample. Data are well reproduced by two-temperature hydrodynamic simulations, which support energy transport dominated by thermal conduction rather than ballistic electrons.
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