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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum entanglement dynamics are governed by unitary evolution and projective measurements.
  • Measurement-induced transitions (MITs) in quantum systems exhibit critical phenomena.
  • Short-range interactions in hybrid quantum circuits lead to conformal field theory descriptions of MITs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how long-range, power-law interactions modify the nature of measurement-induced transitions in quantum entanglement.
  • To explore the phase diagram of a one-dimensional hybrid circuit with long-range interactions.
  • To provide a theoretical framework for understanding the critical behavior induced by long-range interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of a one-dimensional, long-range-interacting hybrid quantum circuit model.
  • Analysis of the phase diagram as a function of the power-law exponent and measurement rate.
  • Analytic mapping of the hybrid circuit model to a long-range quantum Ising model.

Main Results:

  • For weak power-law interactions, the measurement-induced transition aligns with conformal field theory predictions.
  • Beyond a critical power-law exponent, long-range interactions lead to a continuum of nonconformal universality classes.
  • Continuously varying critical exponents characterize these new universality classes.

Conclusions:

  • Long-range interactions fundamentally alter the universality classes of measurement-induced transitions.
  • A critical power-law exponent marks the transition from conformal to nonconformal behavior.
  • The study provides a theoretical understanding of critical phenomena in long-range interacting quantum systems.