Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Evaluation of Hydration Status by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Undergoing Exercise Stress Test
10:21

Evaluation of Hydration Status by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Undergoing Exercise Stress Test

Published on: September 22, 2023

739

Sex-Specific Association Between Iron Status and the Predicted 10-Year Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular

Juan Zhou1,2, Rui Zhao2, Dongxia Wang2

  • 1Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518051, China.

Biological Trace Element Research
|January 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Serum ferritin (SF) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels show sex-specific associations with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in hypertensive patients. Men exhibit a U-shaped risk, while women show a positive linear relationship with higher iron status markers.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Serum ferritin (SF) and hemoglobin (Hb) are key indicators of iron status, widely used in clinical practice.
  • Existing research on the association between SF, Hb, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk has produced conflicting results, with some studies suggesting sex-specific effects.
  • Hypertensive patients frequently exhibit abnormal iron status, yet specific research on this population remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sex-specific relationships between serum ferritin (SF) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels and the predicted 10-year ASCVD risk among individuals with hypertension.
  • To explore potential differences in these associations between hypertensive men and women.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 718 hypertensive men and 708 hypertensive women.
  • The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated using the China-PAR equation.
  • Dose-response relationships were analyzed using linear and quadratic models, with adjustments for potential confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • In hypertensive men, both SF and Hb demonstrated a U-shaped association with ASCVD risk.
  • In hypertensive women, a positive linear relationship was observed: higher log-transformed SF and Hb levels were significantly associated with increased ASCVD risk scores.
  • A significant interaction between iron status and inflammation was noted concerning ASCVD risk in hypertensive women.

Conclusions:

  • The association between iron status markers (SF and Hb) and ASCVD risk in hypertensive patients is sex-dependent.
  • Hypertensive men display a U-shaped risk curve related to iron status, whereas hypertensive women show a positive linear association.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering sex and iron status in the cardiovascular risk assessment of hypertensive individuals.

Keywords:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseFerritinHaemoglobinHypertensionIronSex-specific

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug05:57

Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

Published on: May 17, 2024

877
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.4K

Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
252
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
133
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
69
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
98
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
59
Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
5.3K