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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Use of Atomic Force Microscopy to Measure Mechanical Properties and Turgor Pressure of Plant Cells and Plant Tissues
Published on: July 15, 2019
Statics of plant mechanics
1Late Professor of Ophthalmology, Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Abstract:
David A. Robinson took all that was known in his time about ocular anatomy, extraocular muscle force generation, and neural control of extraocular muscles, and integrated this information into a quantitative model of the static behavior of the ocular motor plant suitable for application to strabismus, the pathological misalignment of the eyes. Robinson's comprehensive mathematical descriptions of the essential details he knew to be the properties of the ocular motor plant highlighted the critical gaps in the state of knowledge that he very explicitly bridged by quantitative assumptions that later motivated focused research that ultimately revealed many missing pieces of the puzzle. Robinson suggested that it should be possible, in principle, to account (in a computational model) for all the mechanical factors and neural drives that regulate binocular alignment and strabismus, and that such modeling could assist in diagnosis and treatment of this common ophthalmic disorder.
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