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Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor: An underdiagnosed rare entity
Sanjiban Patra1, Priti Trivedi2, Chirag Jhaveri3
1Department of Oncopathology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia, a rare condition, can stem from phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. Early detection is key for managing this bone disorder, often linked to elevated FGF-23 levels.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Bone Metabolism
Background:
- Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome.
- It causes renal phosphate wasting and impaired bone mineralization.
- Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) are an uncommon cause of TIO, representing <0.01% of soft tissue tumors.
Observation:
- This report details a case of TIO in a 65-year-old woman.
- The patient presented with recurrent bone fractures.
- A tumor involving the right femur and adjacent soft tissue was detected.
Findings:
- The patient exhibited low serum phosphate levels.
- Elevated serum Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23) was observed.
- These findings are characteristic of PMT-induced TIO.
Implications:
- Highlights the diagnostic challenge of small, inapparent PMTs.
- Emphasizes the importance of clinical examination and radionuclide scans for localization.
- Underscores the role of FGF-23 in diagnosing and managing TIO.
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