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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

151
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
151
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

75
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
75
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

75
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
75
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

59
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
59
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

60
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
60
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

252
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
252

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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
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Atherosclerosis: Known and unknown.

Jianglin Fan1,2, Teruo Watanabe3

  • 1Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.

Pathology International
|January 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atherosclerosis, a leading global killer, involves complex pathology and pathogenesis influenced by genetics and environment. New models and therapies are needed for patients unresponsive to statins.

Keywords:
animal modelsatherosclerosishypercholesterolemiapathology

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a major cause of death globally, stemming from genetic and environmental factors.
  • Known risk factors include hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, contributing to vascular chronic inflammation.
  • While statins are effective, many patients require novel treatments due to incomplete response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
  • To discuss current understanding and identify unanswered questions in atherosclerosis research.
  • To highlight the need for new animal models and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on atherosclerosis pathology and pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms investigated through genetically modified animal models.
  • Evaluation of the efficacy of current treatments like statins.

Main Results:

  • Atherosclerosis develops over decades, involving chronic inflammation and interactions between risk factors and arterial cells.
  • Genetically modified animals have advanced understanding of molecular mechanisms.
  • Statins represent the most effective current treatment for prevention and management.

Conclusions:

  • Despite progress, the complete pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains incompletely understood.
  • There is a critical need for innovative therapeutic approaches for statin-resistant patients.
  • Development of new animal models is essential for further research into atherosclerosis.