Post COVID-19 vaccine deaths - Singapore's early experience

Area of Science:

• Forensic Medicine
• Vaccinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Singapore utilized mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna) starting December 2020.
• A period of investigation (Feb-June 2021) identified 34 deaths within 72 hours of vaccination.
• Autopsies and investigations were conducted on 29 cases to determine cause of death.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate potential causal links between mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and sudden death.
• To specifically examine anaphylaxis, myocarditis, pericarditis, and thrombotic complications as potential adverse events.
• To assess the findings from post-mortem examinations and laboratory investigations.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 34 death cases occurring within 72 hours of COVID-19 vaccination.
• Autopsies and histological examinations performed on 29 cases.
• Ancillary investigations included total tryptase levels, Immunoglobulin E (IgE), and C-reactive Protein (CRP).

Main Results:

• No definitive causal relationship was established between mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and the investigated deaths.
• Specific adverse events like anaphylaxis, myocarditis, pericarditis, and thrombotic complications were not confirmed as causes of death.
• Findings suggest vaccination was not directly responsible for mortality within the 72-hour post-vaccination window.

Conclusions:

• The study found no direct link between mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and deaths occurring within 72 hours.
• Further research with extended observation periods (e.g., up to 7 days) is recommended to detect potential delayed adverse effects.
• This investigation supports the safety profile of mRNA vaccines concerning immediate post-vaccination mortality.