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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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An integrated fluid-structure interaction and thrombosis model for type B aortic dissection.

Mei Yan Chong1,2, Boram Gu2,3, Chlöe Harriet Armour2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|January 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Fluid-structure interaction models reveal that aortic dissection flap motion significantly impacts false lumen thrombosis (FLT) progression. Simulating wall compliance accelerates thrombus formation, unlike rigid models.

Keywords:
Aortic dissection (AD)Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)Fluid–structure interaction (FSI)Intimal flap motionThrombus formation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • False lumen thrombosis (FLT) in type B aortic dissection is crucial for disease progression and treatment outcomes.
  • Current computational models often simplify aortic walls as rigid, neglecting dynamic flap motion's role in FLT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply an integrated fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and thrombosis model for type B aortic dissection.
  • To investigate the influence of intimal flap motion and wall compliance on FLT progression.

Main Methods:

  • Coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) approach combined with a shear-driven thrombosis model using convection-diffusion reaction equations.
  • Application to an idealized type B aortic dissection geometry to simulate thrombus growth and its interaction with vessel wall dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Simulations show that wall compliance and flap motion significantly influence FLT progression.
  • Fluid-structure interaction models predict a 25% larger thrombus volume compared to rigid models due to flap-induced vortices and altered shear stress.
  • Model captures thrombus growth's impact on flow, viscosity, and flap motion, indicating potential for flow obstruction.

Conclusions:

  • Intimal flap motion and wall elasticity are critical factors in false lumen thrombosis progression in type B aortic dissection.
  • The developed FSI-thrombosis model provides a more realistic simulation of thrombus growth dynamics by incorporating vessel wall movement.
  • This approach advances the understanding and simulation of aortic dissection complications, paving the way for improved therapeutic strategies.